A statistical analysis of insurance damage claims related to rainfall extremes Hydrology and Earth System Sciences DOI 10.5194/hess-17-913-2013 4 March 2013 In this paper, a database of water-related insurance damage claims related to private properties and content was analysed. The aim was to investigate whether the probability of occurrence of rainfall-related damage was associated with the intensity of rainfall. Read more
Surface undulations of Antarctic ice streams tightly controlled by bedrock topography The Cryosphere DOI 10.5194/tc-7-407-2013 1 March 2013 In our work we use recently acquired airborne radar data for the Rutford Ice Stream and Evans Ice Stream, and we show that the surface response of fast-flowing ice is highly sensitive to bedrock irregularities with wavelengths of several ice thicknesses. Read more
A unified approach to infrared aerosol remote sensing and type specification Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics DOI 10.5194/acp-13-2195-2013 25 February 2013 Here we use high resolution infrared measurements for aerosol type differentiation, exploiting, in that part of spectrum, the dependency of their refractive index on wavelength. We review existing detection methods and present a unified detection method based on linear discrimination analysis. Read more
An unknown oxidative metabolism substantially contributes to soil CO2 emissions Biogeosciences DOI 10.5194/bg-10-1155-2013 21 February 2013 The respiratory release of CO2 from soils is a major determinant of the global carbon cycle. It is traditionally considered that this respiration is an intracellular metabolism consisting of complex biochemical reactions carried out by numerous enzymes and co-factors. Here we show that the endoenzymes released from dead organisms are stabilised in soils and have access to suitable substrates and co-factors to permit function. Read more
Ion motion in the current sheet with sheared magnetic field – Part 1: Quasi-adiabatic theory Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics DOI 10.5194/npg-20-163-2013 21 February 2013 We present a theory of trapped ion motion in the magnetotail current sheet with a constant dawn–dusk component of the magnetic field. Particle trajectories are described analytically using the quasi-adiabatic invariant corresponding to averaging of fast oscillations around the tangential component of the magnetic field. Read more
Radiative forcing of the direct aerosol effect from AeroCom Phase II simulations Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics DOI 10.5194/acp-13-1853-2013 19 February 2013 We report on the AeroCom Phase II direct aerosol effect (DAE) experiment where 16 detailed global aerosol models have been used to simulate the changes in the aerosol distribution over the industrial era. All 16 models have estimated the radiative forcing of the anthropogenic DAE, and have taken into account anthropogenic sulphate, black carbon and organic aerosols from fossil fuel, biofuel, and biomass burning emissions. Read more
The effect of hygroscopicity on eddy covariance estimates of sea-spray aerosol fluxes: a comparison of high-rate and bulk correction methods Atmospheric Measurement Techniques DOI 10.5194/amt-6-323-2013 13 February 2013 Here we describe a method of correcting aerosol spectra for relative humidity induced size variations at the high frequency (10 Hz) measurement timescale, where counting statistics are poor and the spectral shape cannot be well represented by a simple power law. Read more
The importance of glacier and forest change in hydrological climate-impact studies Hydrology and Earth System Sciences DOI 10.5194/hess-17-619-2013 11 February 2013 Changes in land cover alter the water balance components of a catchment, due to strong interactions between soils, vegetation and the atmosphere. Therefore, hydrological climate impact studies should also integrate scenarios of associated land cover change. To reflect two severe climate-induced changes in land cover, we applied scenarios of glacier retreat and forest cover increase that were derived from the temperature signals of the climate scenarios used in this study. Read more
Application of the Statistical Oxidation Model (SOM) to Secondary Organic Aerosol formation from photooxidation of C12 alkanes Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics DOI 10.5194/acp-13-1591-2013 8 February 2013 We apply the Statistical Oxidation Model of Cappa and Wilson (2012) to model the formation of the secondary organic aerosol from the formation of the four C12 alkanes, dodecane, 2-methyl undecane, cyclododecane and hexylcyclohexane, under both high- and low-NOxconditions, based upon data from the Caltech chambers. Read more
Brief Communication: Expansion of meltwater lakes on the Greenland Ice Sheet The Cryosphere DOI 10.5194/tc-7-201-2013 1 February 2013 Forty years of satellite imagery reveal that meltwater lakes on the margin of the Greenland Ice Sheet have expanded substantially inland to higher elevations with warming. These lakes are important because they provide a mechanism for bringing water to the ice bed, causing sliding. Read more
