Exploring local adaptation and the ocean acidification seascape – studies in the California Current Large Marine Ecosystem Biogeosciences DOI 10.5194/bg-11-1053-2014 24 February 2014 Here we present the OMEGAS strategy of co-locating sensors and oceanographic observations with biological studies on benthic marine invertebrates, specifically measurements of functional traits such as calcification-related processes and genetic variation in populations that are locally adapted to conditions in a particular region of the coast. Read more
Incidence of rough and irregular atmospheric ice particles from Small Ice Detector 3 measurements Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics DOI 10.5194/acp-14-1649-2014 12 February 2014 2D light-scattering patterns were obtained in situ for the first time using the Small Ice Detector 3 probe during several flights in a variety of mid-latitude mixed-phase and cirrus clouds. Read more
Observed decline of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation 2004–2012 Ocean Science DOI 10.5194/os-10-29-2014 6 February 2014 The Atlantic meridional overturning circulation and its component parts are monitored by combining a transatlantic array of moored instruments with submarine-cable-based measurements of the Gulf Stream and satellite derived Ekman transport. The time series has recently been extended to October 2012 and the results show a downward trend since 2004. Read more
Using palaeo-climate comparisons to constrain future projections in CMIP5 Climate of the Past DOI 10.5194/cp-10-221-2014 5 February 2014 We present a selection of methodologies for using the palaeo-climate model component of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (Phase 5) to attempt to constrain future climate projections using the same models. Read more
Salinity changes in the Agulhas leakage area recorded by stable hydrogen isotopes of C37 alkenones during Termination I and II Climate of the Past DOI 10.5194/cp-10-251-2014 5 February 2014 We reconstructed sea surface salinity changes using alkenone δD, and paleo-sea surface temperature using TEXH86 and UK’37, from two sediment cores located in the Agulhas leakage area during Termination I and II. Read more
Autonomous thermal camera system for monitoring the active lava lake at Erebus volcano, Antarctica Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems DOI 10.5194/gi-3-13-2014 5 February 2014 In December 2012, the Mount Erebus Volcano Observatory installed a thermal infrared camera system to monitor the volcano’s active lava lake. The new system is designed to be autonomous, and capable of capturing images of the lava lake continuously throughout the year. Read more
China’s dimming and brightening: evidence, causes and hydrological implications Annales Geophysicae DOI 10.5194/angeo-32-41-2014 28 January 2014 In this study, we synthesize reliable results and conclusively address recent advances and insufficiencies in studies on dimming and brightening in China. Read more
Microphysical properties and high ice water content in continental and oceanic mesoscale convective systems and potential implications for commercial aircraft at flight altitude Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics DOI 10.5194/acp-14-899-2014 27 January 2014 Two complementary case studies are conducted to analyse convective system properties in the region where strong cloud-top lidar backscatter anomalies are observed as reported by Platt et al. (2011). Read more
Regional variability of acidification in the Arctic: a sea of contrasts Biogeosciences DOI 10.5194/bg-11-293-2014 23 January 2014 In this study, we use an ocean-only general circulation model, with embedded biogeochemistry and a comprehensive description of the ocean carbon cycle, to study the response of pH and saturation states of calcite and aragonite to rising atmospheric pCO2and changing climate in the Arctic Ocean. Read more
Weathering by tree-root-associating fungi diminishes under simulated Cenozoic atmospheric CO2decline Biogeosciences DOI 10.5194/bg-11-321-2014 23 January 2014 We report experimental evidence for a negative feedback across a declining Cenozoic [CO2]a range from 1500 to 200 ppm, whereby low [CO2]a curtails mineral surface alteration via trenching and etch pitting by arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) and ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungal partners of tree roots. Read more
