Effects of climate change in European croplands and grasslands: productivity, greenhouse gas balance and soil carbon storage Biogeosciences DOI 10.5194/bg-19-3021-2022 16 September 2022 Crop and grassland production indicates a strong reduction due to the shortening of the length of the growing cycle associated with rising temperatures. Greenhouse gas emissions will increase exponentially over the century, often exceeding the CO2 accumulation of agro-ecosystems. Water demand will double in the next few decades, whereas the benefits in terms of yield will not fill the gap of C losses due to climate perturbation. Climate change will have a regionally distributed effect in the EU. Read more
The Sun’s role in decadal climate predictability in the North Atlantic Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics DOI 10.5194/acp-22-7893-2022 14 September 2022 Solar irradiance varies with a period of approximately 11 years. Using a unique large chemistry-climate model dataset, we investigate the solar surface signal in the North Atlantic and European region and find that it changes over time, depending on the strength of the solar cycle. For the first time, we estimate the potential predictability associated with including realistic solar forcing in a model. These results may improve seasonal to decadal predictions of European climate. Read more
Data-driven automated predictions of the avalanche danger level for dry-snow conditions in Switzerland Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences DOI 10.5194/nhess-22-2031-2022 12 September 2022 A fully data-driven approach to predicting the danger level for dry-snow avalanche conditions in Switzerland was developed. Two classifiers were trained using a large database of meteorological data, snow cover simulations, and danger levels. The models performed well throughout the Swiss Alps, reaching a performance similar to the current experience-based avalanche forecasts. This approach shows the potential to be a valuable supplementary decision support tool for assessing avalanche hazard. Read more
Morphological controls on surface runoff: an interpretation of steady-state energy patterns, maximum power states and dissipation regimes within a thermodynamic framework Hydrology and Earth System Sciences DOI 10.5194/hess-26-3125-2022 9 September 2022 In hydrology the formation of landform patterns is of special interest as changing forcings of the natural systems, such as climate or land use, will change these structures. In our study we developed a thermodynamic framework for surface runoff on hill slopes and highlight the differences of energy conversion patterns on two related spatial and temporal scales. The results indicate that surface runoff on hill slopes approaches a maximum power state. Read more
Agricultural intensification vs. climate change: what drives long-term changes in sediment load? Hydrology and Earth System Sciences DOI 10.5194/hess-26-3021-2022 7 September 2022 This study explored the quantitative contribution of agricultural intensification and climate change to the sediment load of a small agricultural watershed. Rather than a change in climatic conditions, changes in the land structure notably altered sediment concentrations under high-flow conditions, thereby contributing most to the increase in annual sediment loads. More consideration of land structure improvement is required when combating the transfer of soil from land to water. Read more
Climate bifurcations in a Schwarzschild equation model of the Arctic atmosphere Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics DOI 10.5194/npg-29-219-2022 5 September 2022 Climate change is causing rapid temperature increases in the polar regions. A fundamental question is whether these temperature increases are reversible. If we control carbon dioxide emissions, will the temperatures revert or will we have passed a tipping point beyond which return to the present state is impossible? Our mathematical model of the Arctic climate indicates that under present emissions the Arctic climate will change irreversibly to a warm climate before the end of the century. Read more
The influence of vegetation water dynamics on the ASCAT backscatter–incidence angle relationship in the Amazon Hydrology and Earth System Sciences DOI 10.5194/hess-26-2997-2022 2 September 2022 This study investigates spatial and temporal patterns in the incidence angle dependence of backscatter from the ASCAT C-band scatterometer and relates those to precipitation, humidity, and radiation data and GRACE equivalent water thickness in ecoregions in the Amazon. The results show that the ASCAT data record offers a unique perspective on vegetation water dynamics exhibiting sensitivity to moisture availability and demand and phenological change at interannual, seasonal, and diurnal scales. Read more
Effects of rotation and topography on internal solitary waves governed by the rotating Gardner equation Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics DOI 10.5194/npg-29-207-2022 31 August 2022 Internal solitons are an important class of nonlinear waves commonly observed in coastal oceans. Their propagation is affected by the Earth’s rotation and the variation in the water depth. We consider an interplay of these factors using the corresponding extension of the Gardner equation. This model allows a limiting soliton amplitude and the corresponding increase in wavelength, making the effects of rotation and topography on a shoaling wave especially significant. Read more
Determination of atmospheric column condensate using active and passive remote sensing technology Atmospheric Measurement Techniques DOI 10.5194/amt-15-3555-2022 29 August 2022 It is necessary to correctly evaluate the amount of cloud water resources in an area. Currently, there is a lack of effective observation methods for atmospheric column condensate evaluation. We propose a method for atmospheric column condensate by combining millimetre cloud radar, lidar and microwave radiometers. The method can realise determination of atmospheric column condensate. The variation of cloud before precipitation is considered, and the atmospheric column is deduced and obtained. Read more
Invited perspectives: Challenges and step changes for natural hazard – perspectives from the German Committee for Disaster Reduction (DKKV) Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences DOI 10.5194/nhess-22-1969-2022 26 August 2022 The worldwide challenge of the present as well as the future is to navigate the global community to a sustainable and secure future. Humanity is increasingly facing multiple risks under more challenging conditions. The continuation of climate change and the ever more frequent occurrence of extreme, multi-hazard, and cascading events are interacting with increasingly complex and interconnected societies. Read more
