A protocol for the intercomparison of marine fishery and ecosystem models: Fish-MIP v1.0 Geoscientific Model Development DOI 10.5194/gmd-11-1421-2018 13 April 2018 Model intercomparison studies in the climate and Earth sciences communities have been crucial for strengthening future projections. Given the speed and magnitude of anthropogenic change in the marine environment, the time is ripe for similar comparisons among models of fisheries and marine ecosystems. We describe the Fisheries and Marine Ecosystem Model Intercomparison Project, which brings together the marine ecosystem modelling community to inform long-term projections of marine ecosystems. MIP v1.0">Read more
Intercomparison of Antarctic ice-shelf, ocean, and sea-ice interactions simulated by MetROMS-iceshelf and FESOM 1.4 Geoscientific Model Development DOI 10.5194/gmd-11-1257-2018 10 April 2018 MetROMS and FESOM are two ocean/sea-ice models which resolve Antarctic ice-shelf cavities and consider thermodynamics at the ice-shelf base. We simulate the period 1992–2016 with both models, and with two options for resolution in FESOM, and compare output from the three simulations. Ice-shelf melt rates, sub-ice-shelf circulation, continental shelf water masses, and sea-ice processes are compared and evaluated against available observations. FESOM 1.4">Read more
Climate change and the global pattern of moraine-dammed glacial lake outburst floods The Cryosphere DOI 10.5194/tc-12-1195-2018 9 April 2018 Most mountain glaciers have receded throughout the last century in response to global climate change. This recession produces a range of natural hazards including glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs). We have produced the first global inventory of GLOFs associated with the failure of moraine dams and show, counterintuitively, that these have reduced in frequency over recent decades. In this paper we explore the reasons for this pattern. Read more
Intercomparison of middle-atmospheric wind in observations and models Atmospheric Measurement Techniques DOI 10.5194/amt-11-1971-2018 6 April 2018 Wind information throughout the middle-atmosphere is crucial for the understanding of atmospheric dynamics but became available only recently, thanks to developments in remote sensing and modelling approaches. We present the first thorough assessment of the quality of the wind estimates by comparing co-located observations from lidar and microwave radiometry and opposing them to the major atmospheric models. Moreover we evaluated a new approach for measuring mesopause region wind by radiometry. Read more
Going beyond the flood insurance rate map: insights from flood hazard map co-production Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences DOI 10.5194/nhess-18-1097-2018 6 April 2018 In this study, engineers and social scientists explore opportunities for improving the utility of flood hazard maps through focus groups with end users. Focus groups revealed that end users preferred legends that describe flood intensity both quantitatively and with qualitative reference points, as well as flood scenario descriptions that describe the magnitude (rather than frequency) of the flood. Illustrations of pluvial flooding, or flooding caused directly by rainfall, were highly desired. Read more
Investigation of a low-cost magneto-inductive magnetometer for space science applications Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems DOI 10.5194/gi-7-129-2018 28 March 2018 The presence of magnetic fields in space dominate the way planets interact with different types of plasmas. Thus, measuring them is extremely important when studying space. We present an instrument capable of measuring magnetic fields at a fraction of the cost, power and size of traditional magnetometers. With this technology, a science-grade magnetometer for small satellites can be achieved, enabling the study of the space environment with large clusters of sensors in future missions. Read more
A 305-year continuous monthly rainfall series for the island of Ireland (1711–2016) Climate of the Past DOI 10.5194/cp-14-413-2018 27 March 2018 This work reconstructs a continuous 305-year rainfall record for Ireland. The series reveals remarkable variability in decadal rainfall – far in excess of the typical period of digitised data. Notably, the series sheds light on exceptionally wet winters in the 1730s and wet summers in the 1750s. The derived record, one of the longest continuous series in Europe, offers a firm basis for benchmarking other long-term records and reconstructions of past climate both locally and across Europe. Read more
On the retrieval of sea ice thickness and snow depth using concurrent laser altimetry and L-band remote sensing data The Cryosphere DOI 10.5194/tc-12-993-2018 22 March 2018 This work proposes a new data synergy method for the retrieval of sea ice thickness and snow depth by using colocating L-band passive remote sensing and active laser altimetry. Physical models are adopted for the retrieval, including L-band radiation model and buoyancy relationship. Covariability of snow depth and total freeboard is further utilized to mitigate resolution differences and improve retrievability. The method can be applied to future campaigns including ICESat-2 and WCOM. Read more
Colluvial deposits as a possible weathering reservoir in uplifting mountains Earth Surface Dynamics DOI 10.5194/esurf-6-217-2018 21 March 2018 The role of mountain uplift and associated silicate weathering in the global climate over geological times is controversial. Previous soil column models suggest that weathering falls at a high denudation rate. We present the results of a 3-D model that couples erosion and weathering, a CO2consumer during mountain uplift. Our model suggests that the weathering of temporarily stocked colluvium may contribute significantly to the mountain weathering outflux at high denudation rates. Read more
Active heat pulse sensing of 3-D-flow fields in streambeds Hydrology and Earth System Sciences DOI 10.5194/hess-22-1917-2018 20 March 2018 This study used a portable 56-sensor, 3-D temperature array with three heat pulse sources to measure the flow direction and magnitude below the water–sediment interface. Breakthrough curves from each of the sensors were analyzed using a heat transport equation. The use of short-duration heat pulses provided a rapid, accurate assessment technique for determining dynamic and multi-directional flow patterns in the hyporheic zone and is a basis for improved understanding of biogeochemical processes. Read more
